And

and performs a logical 'and' between two boolean values.

Syntax

  EXP_NUM1 and EXP_NUM2
  EXP_NUM1 & EXP_NUM2

• EXP_NUM1 and EXP_NUM2 are two numeric values. Any value that is not null is considered as true, while any null value is considered as false.

Examples

CODECODE CODE 
   # Test : does I=1 and J=2 ?
   If I = 1 and J = 2
     CONDITION_RESULT="the condition is true"
   Else
     CONDITION_RESULT="the condition is false"
   Endif
  # Loop as long as integers I and J are non-null, avoiding an infinite loop.
   If I < 0 and J < 0
       Return
   Else
     While I and J
       I -= 1 : J -= 1          :# Decrement I and J
     Wend
   Endif

Description and comments

and returns a boolean result that is 0 or 1, 0 being the value false and 1 to value true.
The result depends on the value of the following decision table:

Value of EXP_NUM1	Value of EXP_NUM2	Value of (EXP_NUM1 and EXP_NUM2)
false (0)	false (0)	0 (false)
false (0)	true (not equal to 0)	0 (false)
true (not equal to 0)	false (0)	0 (false)
true (not equal to 0)	true (not equal to 0)	1 (true)

Comments:

• and can be abbreviated as &.
• When an expression is made with several sub-expressions associated with an and, the first expression is evaluated first; if false, the next expression is not evaluated, and the result returns immediately as an error. This allows writing code such as the following example:

  # Verifies if a formula returns a not null numeric value. Returns 1 if it is the case and 0 in all the other cases
  # If FORMULA is empty, the other elements of the condition are not computed and 0 is returned
  # If FORMULA is not empty, and if parse returns a not null value, MY_FORMULA is not valid and therefore not evaluated
  Funprog IS_FORMULA_NUMERIC(MY_FORMULA)
  Value Char MY_FORMULA()
  If MY_FORMULA<>"" & parse(MY_FORMULA)=0 & val(num$(evalue(MY_FORMULA)))<>0
    End 1
  Endif
End 0

Associated errors

Error	Description
10	Arguments are not numeric.

See also

or, xor, not.